{"id":55679,"date":"2026-09-28T14:05:00","date_gmt":"2026-09-28T18:05:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.millerthomson.com\/?p=55679"},"modified":"2026-09-28T15:23:51","modified_gmt":"2026-09-28T19:23:51","slug":"competition-laws-what-canadas-reformed-competition-act-means-for-your-business","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.millerthomson.com\/en\/insights\/publications\/doing-business-in-canada\/competition-laws-what-canadas-reformed-competition-act-means-for-your-business\/","title":{"rendered":"Competition laws: What Canada&#8217;s reformed Competition Act means for your business\u00a0"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Who this is for:<\/strong> General Counsel, business leaders, corporate development teams, private equity firms and M&amp;A advisors acquiring Canadian businesses, entering commercial arrangements or operating in Canadian markets.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>In this article<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8d39b2df wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"#enforcement\">The enforcement environment has fundamentally shifted<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#merger-review\">Merger review: the thresholds and the timeline<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#beyond-mergers\">Beyond mergers: the conduct that now attracts scrutiny<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#transaction\">What this means for transaction planning&nbsp;<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#takeaways\">Key takeaways<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/www.millerthomson.com\/en\/insights\/publications\/doing-business-in-canada\/\">Read more on Doing Business in Canada<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" id=\"enforcement\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--medium)\">The enforcement environment has fundamentally shifted<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Canada&#8217;s <em>Competition Act<\/em> has undergone significant reforms in recent years. The changes have expanded the Competition Bureau&#8217;s enforcement powers, increased available penalties, broadened private access to the Competition Tribunal, and heightened scrutiny of a wider range of commercial conduct.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"merger-review\">As a result, competition law considerations now extend well beyond mergers and acquisitions and should form part of broader business planning and risk management.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Merger review: the thresholds and the timeline&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Certain transactions that exceed prescribed financial thresholds must be notified to the Competition Bureau before closing. In 2026, notification is generally required where the parties and their affiliates have assets in Canada or revenues in, from or into Canada exceeding <strong>CAD $400 million<\/strong>, and the target business exceeds the applicable <strong>CAD $93 million size-of-transaction threshold<\/strong>.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"beyond-mergers\">However, transactions that fall below the notification thresholds are not necessarily free from scrutiny. The Competition Bureau retains the authority to review and challenge transactions that are likely to substantially prevent or lessen competition.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Beyond mergers: the conduct that now attracts scrutiny&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Competition Act applies to a broad range of commercial activities, including competitor collaborations, distribution arrangements, pricing practices, abuse of dominance and marketing claims.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Recent reforms have expanded potential exposure in several areas and increased the importance of proactive compliance programs and competition law risk assessments.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Here is the breakdown:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Competitor collaborations<\/strong>: Agreements, information-sharing arrangements, joint ventures and other interactions involving competitors should be assessed carefully to ensure compliance with Canadian competition laws.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Abuse of dominance<\/strong>: Businesses with significant market positions should evaluate whether their conduct could be viewed as excluding competitors or substantially harming competition.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Pricing and distribution practices<\/strong>: Distribution strategies, exclusivity arrangements and pricing policies should be reviewed to ensure they comply with Canada&#8217;s civil competition law provisions.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Marketing and environmental claims<\/strong>: The Competition Bureau has increased its focus on advertising and environmental claims. Businesses should ensure that performance, sustainability and environmental representations can be properly substantiated.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li id=\"transaction\"><strong>Private access<\/strong>: Recent amendments have expanded the ability of private parties to bring certain competition law claims directly before the Competition Tribunal, increasing potential exposure beyond traditional Bureau enforcement.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What this means for transaction planning&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Competition law analysis should begin early in any acquisition, joint venture, strategic alliance, distribution arrangement or major commercial initiative. Businesses should assess whether regulatory filings may be required, whether competitors are involved in the arrangement, and whether existing commercial practices remain compliant under the expanded enforcement framework.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"takeaways\" style=\"padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--medium)\">Regular competition law compliance reviews can help identify and address risks before they become investigations, litigation or challenges before the Competition Tribunal.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-base-2-background-color has-background is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-03cab32d wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--medium);padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--medium);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--medium);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--medium)\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Key takeaways&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The <em>Competition Act<\/em> has undergone significant reform, expanding both enforcement powers and potential liability.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Transactions below the merger notification thresholds may still be reviewed by the Competition Bureau.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Arrangements involving competitors warrant careful review before implementation.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Environmental, sustainability and other marketing claims should be supported by appropriate evidence.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Expanded private access rights increase the importance of proactive compliance.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Competition law should be considered early in transaction planning and commercial decision-making.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--medium)\">How Miller Thomson can help&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Miller Thomson&#8217;s Competition, Antitrust &amp; Foreign Investment Group advises domestic and international clients on merger reviews, Competition Bureau investigations, competitor collaborations, pricing and distribution practices, deceptive marketing matters and strategic competition law compliance. Our team helps clients identify and manage regulatory risk before it becomes a transaction delay, enforcement issue or commercial dispute.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Speak with a Miller Thomson <a href=\"https:\/\/www.millerthomson.com\/en\/expertise\/corporate\/competition-antitrust-foreign-investment-group\/\" type=\"expertise\" id=\"13017\">Competition, Antitrust &amp; Foreign Investment lawyer <\/a>about your complex and strategic competition, foreign investment, and national security issues.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Who this is for: General Counsel, business leaders, corporate development teams, private equity firms and M&amp;A advisors acquiring Canadian businesses, entering commercial arrangements or operating in Canadian markets.&nbsp; In this article: The enforcement environment has fundamentally shifted Canada&#8217;s Competition Act has undergone significant reforms in recent years. The changes have expanded the Competition Bureau&#8217;s enforcement [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":56067,"parent":53629,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[632],"insight-format":[742],"class_list":["post-55679","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-publications"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Competition laws: What Canada&#039;s reformed Competition Act means for your business\u00a0 | Miller Thomson<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Recent Competition Act reforms have increased penalties and broadened enforcement. 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